Even the oldest and wisest woodsmen can and sometimes do get lost. It is really quite easy to do. The difficult part is retaining control of the situation by using your head and the available resources to your greatest advantage. If you begin collecting a few essential items and always take them with you when you travel in the wilderness, you chances of surviving until you are found or find your way out will be greatly increased. Remember that you can’t schedule your emergencies, so you must plan for one at any time.
1) Food & Water—Take extra trail food that is light, condensed, and nourishing. You should not eat this food except in an emergency. Bring at least a quart or liter of water with you.
2) Rain & Sun Protection—A large poncho can cover yourself and serve as emergency shelter or even as a ground cover. Have a pair of good sunglasses and sunscreen or sun block. A hat (like a scout hat) with kerchief attached can protect the back of your neck.
3) Whistle—Use as a signaling device. A whistle can be heard for a much greater distance than the human voice, even shouting
4) Clothing—Take enough clothing to meet the worst weather conditions that could occur.
5) First Aid Kit—Take more than band-aids. Make up your kit to meet all minor and most intermediate accidents. Should include Moleskin, disinfectant (e.g. Neosporin). Let your buddy know where your first aid kit is.
6) Map & Compass—Get a good compass that will always work. Learn how to use it and practice. A compass is not much good without a map. Know where you are!—Get a good map of the area you are going in
7) Flashlight—Have a dependable flashlight; carry extra batteries and a bulb.
8) Pocket Knife—A sheath knife is best, but BSA Policy restricts blades to 3 1/2-inches. A locking blade pocket knife is recommended; keep it sharp.
9) Waterproof Matches & Fire Starter—Waterproof a supply of matches that you will not use except for emergencies. Dipping them in melted paraffin or wax will do the job. A six-inch stick of candle works fine as a fire starter; also, cotton cloth dipped in melted wax makes a good fire starter, and can be folded, ripped into pieces, etc. Remember to melt wax using a double boiler, not on your stove burner.
10) Two Quarters—For making emergency pay phone calls. Know how to make a collect call.
All of these can be carried on pockets or a small pack. You may have your own favorite additions; keep them together, bring them on all your wilderness outings, and they can make a big difference should you be forced to spend a night or two in the open.
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